Tasmanian Willow Weed Management Plan

Willows - Weed Management Plan
Willows - Salix species (excluding S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron Gandoger, Wimm., S. x reichardtii Kern.)
Interpretation:
In this Weed Management Plan (approved 30 August 2003): (amendments approved 21 June 2011):

• “Act” means the Weed Management Act 1999.
• “Approved quarantine place” means a place approved by the Secretary under section 70 of the Plant Quarantine Act 1997 for the purpose of examining any prescribed matter imported into or to be exported out of the State.
• “Court fine” means a prescribed penalty for breaches against the Act. Court fines may be imposed if a person is convicted of any offence against the Act.
• “DPIPWE” means the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Tasmania.
• “Infringement fine” means a prescribed penalty for breaches against the Act. Infringement fines are imposed by way of an infringement notice that may be issued by a Weed Inspector. “Inspector” means a Weed Inspector appointed under section 34 of the Act.
• “Naturalised” means the one or more self sustaining populations formed by any plant, without deliberate human assistance. “Penalty unit” means the basic unit of the fine for which persons who fail to comply with any prohibition or requirement under the Act may be liable. See values of penalty units under the Penalty Units and Other Penalties Act 1987 for more details.
• “Quarantine Tasmania” means that branch of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment that, in cooperation with the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service, maintains both overseas and interstate quarantine barriers for this State.
• “Regional Weed Management Officer” means a person employed in the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment under that specific title.
• “Regulations” means the Weed Management Regulations 2007. “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment.
• “WONS” means Weeds of National Significance. The WONS program is a federally funded initiative for the development and implementation of State and national strategies for the management of twenty of Australia’s worst weeds.
• “Zone A” includes those Tasmanian municipalities for which eradication of a declared weed is the principal management objective. These municipalities are either free of the declared weed, host only small, isolated infestations, or host larger infestations which are deemed eradicable because a strategic management plan exists and the resources required to implement it have been or are likely to be secured. See Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for details. “Zone B” includes those Tasmanian municipalities for which containment of the declared weed is the principal management objective. Such municipalities host large, widespread infestations of the declared weed that are not deemed eradicable because the feasibility of effective management is low at this time. These municipalities lack a strategic management plan for the weed and/or resources to undertake control actions at a level required for eradication have not been secured. See Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for details.
• “Willows” means any species in the genus Salix, EXCLUDING S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron and S. x reichardtii and, includes the whole plant or plant parts. It does not include products such as baskets, cricket bats, timber, medicinal preparations or other items that contain extracts of these plants or other dead Salix materials. People who are uncertain about whether certain products (e.g. dried materials) contain plant parts capable of regenerating should contact a Regional Weed Management Officer. 

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Willows - Weed Management Plan Willows - Salix species (excluding S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron Gandoger, Wimm., S. x reichardtii Kern.) Interpretation: In this Weed Management Plan (approved 30 August 2003): (amendments approved 21 June 2011): “Act” means the Weed Management Act 1999. “Approved quarantine place” means a place approved by the Secretary under section 70 of the Plant Quarantine Act 1997 for the purpose of examining any prescribed matter imported into or to be exported out of the State. “Court fine” means a prescribed penalty for breaches against the Act. Court fines may be imposed if a person is convicted of any offence against the Act. “DPIPWE” means the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Tasmania. “Infringement fine” means a prescribed penalty for breaches against the Act. Infringement fines are imposed by way of an infringement notice that may be issued by a Weed Inspector. “Inspector” means a Weed Inspector appointed under section 34 of the Act. “Naturalised” means the one or more self sustaining populations formed by any plant, without deliberate human assistance. “Penalty unit” means the basic unit of the fine for which persons who fail to comply with any prohibition or requirement under the Act may be liable. See values of penalty units under the Penalty Units and Other Penalties Act 1987 for more details. “Quarantine Tasmania” means that branch of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment that, in cooperation with the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service, maintains both overseas and interstate quarantine barriers for this State. “Regional Weed Management Officer” means a person employed in the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment under that specific title. “Regulations” means the Weed Management Regulations 2007. “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. “WONS” means Weeds of National Significance. The WONS program is a federally funded initiative for the development and implementation of State and national strategies for the management of twenty of Australia’s worst weeds. “Zone A” includes those Tasmanian municipalities for which eradication of a declared weed is the principal management objective. These municipalities are either free of the declared weed, host only small, isolated infestations, or host larger infestations which are deemed eradicable because a strategic management plan exists and the resources required to implement it have been or are likely to be secured. See Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for details. “Zone B” includes those Tasmanian municipalities for which containment of the declared weed is the principal management objective. Such municipalities host large, widespread infestations of the declared weed that are not deemed eradicable because the feasibility of effective management is low at this time. These municipalities lack a strategic management plan for the weed and/or resources to undertake control actions at a level required for eradication have not been secured. See Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for details. “Willows” means any species in the genus Salix, EXCLUDING S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron and S. x reichardtii and, includes the whole plant or plant parts. It does not include products such as baskets, cricket bats, timber, medicinal preparations or other items that contain extracts of these plants or other dead Salix materials. People who are uncertain about whether certain products (e.g. dried materials) contain plant parts capable of regenerating should contact a Regional Weed Management Officer. 1. Purpose of this management plan: The purpose of this Weed Management Plan for willows is to: Provide direction upon the implementation of the Act with respect to willows. Encourage and facilitate an increase in the effectiveness with which willows are managed throughout Tasmania. Provide legislative support to the State Weeds of National Significance (WONS) strategy for willows. Provide legislative support to regional and local efforts to manage willows in a strategic and integrated manner that is commensurate with the State WONS strategy. 2. Area covered by this management plan: The State of Tasmania is covered by this management plan. Refer to Management of willow by municipality 3. Description and distribution of the weed: Willows are mostly deciduous trees or shrubs. Evergreen and prostrate types of willow also occur within the genus Salix. These plants invade wet sites in temperate areas around the world. In Australia, some 32 naturalised taxa are recognised, although not all are serious weeds. On mainland Australia, naturalised willows are particularly problematic in Victoria and southern New South Wales. Smaller naturalised populations occur in Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia.. In Tasmania, the willow situation is very complex. Of the naturalised taxa, S. fragilis L. var fragilis, crack willow, is the most common. It is widely distributed and abundant in the north, east and south. It occurs frequently in catchments in which agriculture accounts for a high proportion of land use and/or where clearing of natural riparian vegetation has occurred. This distribution reflects in part, deliberate plantings of this species in the past for the purpose of bank stabilisation, its ability to propagate readily and effectively from stem fragments and activities such as the use, by anglers, of branches for rod-rests. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for information on the distribution of crack willow by municipality. A number of other Salix species have been recorded from Tasmania including a number of hybrid species. Many of these non-crack willows are ornamental or horticultural species, and often include largely female plants. The likelihood of pollination of these localised and nonnaturalised female willow plants by male crack willow is high. If sexual reproduction does occur, the weed threat of these plants is increased considerably because viable seed is readily dispersed. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for information on the distribution of non-crack willow species by municipality. See the DPIPWE Willow Information Page for more information on this weed. 4. Importation of declared weed: (1) A person must not import or allow to be imported into Tasmania any prohibited willows. It is an offence against section 57(1) of the Act to fail to comply with this prohibition. A person found committing that offence may incur an infringement fine of 4 penalty units. A person convicted in court of that offence may be liable to a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units. The Secretary may exempt a person from this prohibition under section 60 of the Act. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for direction on how this prohibition is to be implemented in Zone A and Zone B municipalities in Tasmania. To avoid committing this offence, actions including but not limited to the following should be undertaken: Persons travelling to Tasmania, in particular from areas infested with prohibited willows, such as Victoria and southern New South Wales, should conduct thorough searches for the presence of the plant and apply appropriate hygiene measures. These include vehicle and machinery inspection and cleaning, especially for mud and water. Questions or concerns about weed hygiene issues should be directed to Quarantine Tasmania personnel before or directly upon disembarkation in Tasmania. Persons importing items to Tasmania that may contain or be carrying living prohibited willow material as a contaminant (e.g. excavating machinery, boats, boating equipment) should have these checked for the presence of the plant. This can be arranged through Quarantine Tasmania. Persons wishing to import prohibited willows for non-ornamental, commercial purposes or for propagation and/or harvesting for non-ornamental commercial purposes (ie. timber production, chipped material, mulch, pulp-mats) should discuss, with a Regional Weed Management Officer, the conditions under which an exemption from this prohibition may be granted. Persons wishing to import prohibited willows for ornamental purposes must ensure that the willow species involved are exempt from this declaration. The only willow species exempt from this declaration are S. babylonica, S. x calodendron, S. x reichardtii. Because labeling of willow plants is not always correct, persons wishing to import prohibited willows for ornamental purposes should seek advice from a Regional Weed Management Officer. Note: The importation of these species into Tasmania is also restricted under the Plant Quarantine Act 1997. Quarantine Tasmania should be contacted for information on the relevance and application of the Plant Quarantine Act 1997 to activities concerning plant species. 5. Procedures for notification of the occurrence of the weed: Inspectors shall notify a Regional Weed Management Officer of any naturalised crack willow occurrences in municipalities where the weed is not yet recorded. Inspectors shall also notify a Regional Weed Management Officer of any naturalised occurrences of non-crack willow species, wherever these are found. Refer to Table 1 (Zone A municipalities: crack willow), Table 3 (Zone B municipalities: crack willow), and Table 2 (Zone A municipalities: noncrack willow) in Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for distribution of crack willow and non-crack willow by municipality and for direction on how notification is to be implemented in Zone A and Zone B municipalities in Tasmania. 6. Sale, purchase, propagation, use, &c., of declared weed: (1) A person must not: (a) sell willow or any material or thing containing or carrying willow; or (b) purchase or offer to purchase willow or any material or thing containing or carrying willow; or (c) grow, propagate or scatter willow; or (d) store willow or any material or thing containing or carrying willow; or (e) hire or offer for hire any material or thing containing or carrying willow; or (f) use willow or any material or thing containing or carrying willow; or (g) deal with willow or any material or thing containing or carrying willow in any manner that is likely to result in the spread of the declared weed. It is an offence against section 56(1) of the Act to fail to comply with this prohibition. A person found committing that offence may incur an infringement fine of 4 penalty units. A person convicted of that offence in court may be liable to a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units. The Secretary may exempt a person from this prohibition under section 60 of the Act. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for direction on how this prohibition is to be implemented in Zone A and Zone B municipalities in Tasmania. Actions to assist compliance in this matter could include but are not limited to the following: Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, growing, propagating or scattering, storing, using, or otherwise dealing with ornamental or horticultural plants should ensure their stock does not include any of the willow taxa covered under this declaration. (ie. all willow species EXCEPT S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron, S. x reichardtii). Because labeling of willow plants is not always correct, persons giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, growing, propagating or scattering, storing, using, or otherwise dealing with ornamental or horticultural plants should seek advice from a Regional Weed Management Officer. Persons wishing to give away, barter or sell, purchase, grow, propagate or scatter, store, use, or otherwise deal with prohibited willows for non-ornamental commercial purposes (e.g. timber production, cricket bat production) should discuss, with a Regional Weed Management Officer, the conditions under which an exemption from this prohibition may be granted. Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, growing, propagating or scattering, storing, using, or otherwise dealing with plants for bank stabilisation or land rehabilitation purposes should ensure their stock does not include prohibited willows. Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, storing, hiring, using, or otherwise dealing with agricultural or roading machinery likely to be contaminated with prohibited willows should ensure that appropriate inspection and hygiene measures are undertaken. These include introducing thorough visual checks and cleaning of machinery as routine tasks when preparing these items for sale or distribution. Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, storing, hiring, using, or otherwise dealing with freshwater should ensure appropriate hygiene measures are undertaken in the course of their activities. These include sourcing from water bodies that are free of this weed and using inspection and monitoring procedures to limit the amount of plant material taken up and transferred during pumping operations. Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, storing, using, or otherwise dealing with soil, gravel, lime, sand or other such materials from areas infested with prohibited willows should ensure appropriate hygiene and inspection measures are undertaken. These include practicing integrated control of the weed in quarries, stockpile areas, wholesale or retail outlets and other places from which these materials are sold or distributed. Persons involved in the giving away, bartering or selling, purchasing, storing, hiring, using, or otherwise dealing with agricultural or roading machinery, stock, soil, gravel, water or other such materials likely to be contaminated with prohibited willows should take direction from any relevant local, regional or State agricultural hygiene programs being implemented in the municipality. Persons purchasing or hiring any items (machinery, livestock, soil, gravel, water or other such materials) likely to be contaminated with prohibited willows should liaise with suppliers on the issue of willow contamination and keep accurate records of their purchase transactions. Buyers discovering willow contamination post-purchase should implement practices that reduce the potential for willow establishment and spread. These include creating dedicated areas for the wash down of purchased machinery and vehicles and carefully monitoring any suspect soil, gravel, water or other such materials for the emergence of this weed. (2) It is a defence in proceedings for an offence under section 56(1) of the Act if the defendant establishes that he or she took all reasonable actions to prevent the commission of the offence. 7. Measures to reduce the number of prohibited willow plants, eradicate prohibited willows from an area or restrict prohibited willows to a particular area: An Inspector may, by serving a notice on the owner of any place, require that owner to implement any of the measures described in this part of the Weed Management Plan or any other measures consistent with it. It is an offence against section 13(3) of the Act to fail to comply with a requirement notice issued by an Inspector. A person who fails to comply with that notice may be issued with an infringement fine of 8 penalty units. A person convicted of that offence in court may be liable to a fine not exceeding 100 penalty units and, in the case of a continuing offence, a further fine not exceeding 5 penalty units for each day during which the offence continues. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for direction on how this requirement is to be implemented in Zone A and Zone B municipalities in Tasmania. It is very important that professional advice on willow management be sought prior to undertaking any control measures. If management does not occur in a co-ordinated, integrated fashion, the risks of causing further degradation (ie. bank erosion, spread of prohibited willows through release of cut material into flowing water) may be significant. Actions to assist compliance in this matter by persons or organisations upon whose properties prohibited willows occurs could include but are not limited to the following: Planning and implementation of a property management plan. Such a plan should be based on integrated weed management principles and include an inventory of willow infestations in the area to which the plan relates, well-defined objectives, practicable control actions, follow-up actions, a realistic timeline and a budget, as a minimum. Regional Weed Management Officers or Inspectors may be contacted for advice on developing a property management plan for this plant. In some situations, the habitat, aesthetic and perhaps the cultural values of a particular willow individual plant or population may mean that its control or removal will not be considered desirable at this time (e.g. crack willow occurrences in municipal recreation reserves alongside rivers that flow through urban areas or towns). In these instances, a case by case approach is recommended. Priorities and options for willow management should be clarified through discussion with an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer. Private landholders wishing to retain prohibited ornamental willows (ie. not including crack willow plants) should also consult an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer. Control of the plant over the entire property in a manner commensurate with the willow management zone objective (ie. Zone A or B) of the municipality in which the property occurs but subject to consultation with an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer. Control of the plant, with the aim of preventing spread to neighbouring properties, within 50 metres of property boundaries, subject to consultation with an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer and in a manner commensurate with the willows management zone objective (ie. Zone A or B) of the municipality in which the property occurs. Control of the plant, with the aim of preventing spread to neighbouring properties, within floodplain boundaries and drainage lines, subject to consultation with an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer and in a manner commensurate with the willows management zone objective (ie. Zone A or B) of the municipality in which the property occurs. Seek information about supporting any council endorsed plans relating to willow management in their municipality. Seek cooperation with neighbouring property owners when willow control measures are being planned or implemented. Other general actions to assist compliance: Persons or organisations responsible for managing land that is currently free of prohibited willows should undertake prevention measures, especially when that land is suited to willow establishment. Such prevention measures include Developing an ability to identify these plants; Noting their occurrence and progress on nearby properties or transport corridors; Undertaking control of small outbreaks without delay; Arranging on-site quarantine for, or not bringing or allowing onto the property vehicles, machinery, soil, gravel or other such material that may be contaminated with prohibited willows. A Regional Weed Management Officer may be contacted for advice on keeping areas willows free. Persons engaging in angling activities in waterways infested with prohibited willows should avoid using willow sticks as rod-rests. Persons engaged in planting for land rehabilitation purposes should ensure their stock does not include prohibited willows. Persons performing contract work of an agricultural, utility maintenance, roading or earthmoving nature, on-site consultations or assessments, deliveries or other visits in areas or properties infested with prohibited willows should undertake appropriate hygiene measures. This also applies to owners of more than one property, who move items and materials between these properties, when one or more property is infested. Hygiene measures include thorough visual checks and cleaning of vehicles and machinery prior to leaving the infested property. Developing a check-list will help ensure such routines are rigorous and consistent. Materials or items likely to be contaminated with prohibited willows should not be moved from willow infested areas or to willow free areas until any contamination risks have been minimised. Persons performing willow control works should take action to ensure that the quantity of willow material released further downstream is minimised. Best management practice guidelines for willow removal and subsequent clean-up activities should be consulted. Persons wishing to conduct on-site disposal of willow or any thing contaminated with willow should contact an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer first, in order to receive direction upon how best to do this. Persons considering transporting prohibited willow or any thing contaminated with prohibited willow for the purpose of disposal, should first seek advice from an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer as to whether removal of the material from the site is the preferred option. If on-site disposal is not appropriate and transport to a suitable disposal facility is recommended, this should be undertaken in a manner that does not permit the release of seeds or other material. Note that municipal waste disposal facilities vary in their acceptance and handling of declared weeds. Municipal waste disposal managers should be contacted for details. Willows planted for commercial purposes: Persons growing or planning to grow declared willows (all willow species EXCEPT S. babylonica L., S. x calodendron, S. x reichardtii) for non-ornamental commercial purposes (e.g. timber production) can only do so under permit, and should incorporate into their management protocols, actions that reduce any weed risk arising from their operations. Options for minimising the weed risk of non-ornamental commercial willow plantings may be discussed with a Regional Weed Management Officer. Ornamental willows: Persons wishing to plant prohibited willows for ornamental purposes must ensure that the willow species involved are exempt from this declaration. The only willow species exempt from this declaration are S. babylonica, S. x calodendron, S. x reichardtii. Because labeling of willow plants is not always correct, persons wishing to import prohibited willows for ornamental purposes should seek advice from a Regional Weed Management Officer. 8. Storage in a specified area of any thing contaminated with the declared weed: Any thing found to be contaminated with prohibited willows may be removed to storage at an appropriate approved quarantine place. A Regional Weed Management Officer will determine whether removal to storage at any of these facilities or treatment/destruction of material in situ is most appropriate. Failure to comply with this requirement is an offence against section 51(1) of the Act. A person found committing that offence may incur an infringement fine of 4 penalty units. A person convicted of that offence in court may be liable to a fine not exceeding 50 penalty units The Secretary may exempt a person from this requirement under section 60 of the Act. Refer to Management of willow by municipality (Section 12) for direction on how this requirement is to be implemented in Zone A and Zone B municipalities in Tasmania. Actions to assist compliance in this matter could include but are not limited to the following: A person who discovers or suspects he/she possesses any thing, (e.g. machinery, soil, gravel) contaminated with willow should contact an Inspector or a Regional Weed Management Officer. The contaminated thing should not be moved, disturbed, treated or disposed of prior to making this contact. If prohibited willow is confirmed, the person will be directed and advised in the proper management, including storage or disposal options, of the contaminated thing. 9. Any other measures the Minister considers appropriate to control the weed: There are no other measures appropriate for the management of willows in Tasmania at this time. 10. Exemptions: A person may apply for an exemption from any of provisions of the Act that relate to prohibited willows. He/she should contact a Regional Weed Management Officer to discuss the reasons for seeking the exemption and obtain an exemption application form. Persons granted an exemption should ensure they understand fully, any conditions specified in the exemption. Queries can be directed to a Regional Weed Management Officer. 11. Review of this Weed Management Plan: A review of this Weed Management Plan may be undertaken at least once every five years if it is necessary and desirable to do so. The review will incorporate consultation with stakeholders deemed appropriate by the Secretary, DPIPWE. 12. Management of willow by municipality: Willows present a particularly complex weed management challenge for Tasmanians. This complexity results in part from: the varied distribution of these plants across the State; the taxonomic complexity of the genus; the varying weed status of different species within the genus (ie. crack willow present a widespread and problematic weed problem, other species show weed potential that is yet to be realised); the similar appearance of different species within the genus; their negative biological, ecosystem, physical and hydrological impacts in natural environments; their negative impacts on water quality, flow regimes and waterway structure; their diverse and effective means of spread; their diverse and poorly understood reproduction biology; their ornamental appeal; their aesthetic appeal; the utility of their timber; their use as a shelter and fodder resource on farms; their bank stabilisation properties; their heritage status at certain sites; negative impacts of control works; different perceptions of their importance as weeds and the need to manage them; different management capabilities and priorities at the State agency, municipal, local and individual property levels. Accordingly, it is unlikely that attempts at uniform application and enforcement of measures in this Statutory Weed Management Plan for willows would result in appropriate, fair or workable management outcomes. However, this Weed Management Plan can be implemented effectively if the differences listed above are taken into account, at least at the local government level. One means of doing this is to identify clear, distinct management objectives suitable at a municipal scale and then specify the manner in which the measures outlined in this Weed Management Plan should be undertaken in order to achieve those objectives. Each Tasmanian municipality is classified into one of two management zones (Zones A or B) for the purposes of implementing this Weed Management Plan for willow. Due to the presence in Tasmania of one widespread willow species (crack willow) and several localised species, the following section considers crack willow separately to all other species willow in Tasmania. Zone A Municipalities - eradication: Eradication is the most appropriate management objective for Zone A municipalities which have little or no prohibited willow, or when a credible plan for eradicating existing infestations is being developed and implemented. The ultimate management outcome for Zone A municipalities is achieving and maintaining the total absence of prohibited willow from within municipal boundaries. Zone B municipalities - containment: Containment is the most appropriate management objective for Zone B municipalities which have problematic infestations but no plan and/or resources to undertake control actions at a level required for eradication. The management outcome for Zone B municipalities is ongoing prevention of the spread of prohibited willow from existing infestations to areas free or in the process of becoming free of prohibited willow. The decision regarding which category is most appropriate for a particular municipality at a particular time is made jointly by DPIPWE and each municipality. Municipalities may change categories over time. For example, a Zone B municipality may decide to develop and implement a strategic plan for willow, with eradication as the objective. Provided the plan is credible, this municipality would qualify for inclusion in Zone A. Conversely, a Zone A municipality with widespread infestations may decide to stop supporting a strategic plan for willow eradication, in which case it would be re-classed as Zone B. Zone A Municipalities Table 1 lists the distribution and management measures for crack willow in those Tasmanian municipalities currently classified as Zone A. Table 1. Distribution and management measures for crack willow in municipalities classified as Zone A for crack willow at 01/2011. Distribution based on Tasmanian Herbarium and DPIPWE records. Municipality Crack willow distribution Management measures* Flinders Isolated occurrences Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences Glamorgan/Spring Bay Localised infestations Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences King Island Isolated occurrences Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences Tasman Isolated occurrences Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences West Coast Localised infestations Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences *When a DPIPWE approved weed management strategy that has local council endorsement exists, management of this declared weed in the municipality concerned should occur with direct reference to that strategy. The following four distribution categories are used in Table 1: “None recorded”. This means the plant is not known to be naturalised in the municipality, either from the records of the Tasmanian Herbarium or from DPIPWE databases. In cases where the plant was known to be naturalised at a previous time but is not known there currently, the description “Previously recorded, none known now” is used. “Isolated occurrences”. This means the species is uncommon in the municipality, with populations limited to one or a few. The number of plants is generally small and/or populations cover small areas. “Localised infestations”. This means the species is present in the municipality in moderate proportions, with populations numbering several. The number of plants is also moderate and/or populations cover moderate-sized areas. “Widespread infestations”. This means the species is very common in the municipality, with many populations present. The number of plants present is generally large and/or populations cover large areas. Note that the distribution descriptions presented in Tables 1 and 2 apply to naturalised populations of the plant only. They do not include amenity, garden, horticultural or other deliberate plantings unless specified. The descriptions are relative and provide a general indication only of the spatial status of the plant in the municipality. Detailed location information may be obtained by contacting a Regional Weed Management Officer. In addition, if you have reason to believe any of the distribution information presented in Table 1 or Table 2 is incorrect, please advise a Regional Weed Management Officer. Table 2. Distribution and management measures for non-crack willow species in municipalities classified as Zone A for noncrack willow species at 01/2011. Distribution based on Tasmanian Herbarium and DPIPWE records. Municipality Willow distribution (excluding crack willow) Salix species Management measures* Break O’Day Isolated occurrences S. matsudana, S. X rubens Implement integrated control program for eradication and prevent future occurrences. This applies to all municipalities in this table. Brighton None recorded Burnie Isolated occurrences S. cinerea, S. X sepulcralis var chrysocoma X fragilis Central Coast Isolated occurrences S. cinerea, S. fragilis X sepucralis var sepucralis, S. X reichardtii Central Highlands Localised infestations S. alba var. vitellina, S. matsudana, S. X pendulina var. pendulina, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma, S. X rubens Circular Head Localised infestations S. cinerea, S. matsudana Clarence Localised infestations S. alba var. vitellina, S. matsudana, S. X rubens Derwent Valley Localised infestations S. caprea, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma, S. X rubens Devonport Isolated occurrences S. alba x matsudana X alba var vitellina, S. caprea, S. cinerea ssp. oleifolia, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Dorset Isolated occurrences S. alba, S. cinerea Flinders None recorded George Town Isolated occurrences S. alba, S. alba X matsudana, S. matsudana, S. X pendulina var. pendulina, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Glamorgan/Spring Bay Localised infestations S. X rubens Glenorchy Localised infestations S. cinerea, S. caprea Hobart Localised infestations S. alba X fragilis, S. bakko, S. cinerea Huon Valley Localised infestations S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. X rubens S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Kentish Isolated occurrences S. alba var. vitellina, S. alba X matsudana, S. cinerea, S. gracilistyla var. gracilistyla, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma King Island None recorded Kingborough Localised infestations S. cinerea, S. matsudana, S. X pendulina var. pendulina, S. rubens, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Latrobe Isolated occurrences S. alba X fragilis, S. matsudana, S. X pendulina var. pendulina Launceston Isolated occurrences S. alba var. vitellina, S. alba var. caerulea, S. alba Xmatsudana, S. matsudana, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Meander Valley Isolated occurrences S. alba, S. alba X matsudana, S. alba X fragilus, S. cinerea, S. matsudana, Northern Midlands Isolated occurrences S. alba var. caerulea, S. alba var. vitellina, S. alba X matsudana, S. bakko, S. caprea, S. cinerea, S fargesii, S. gracilistyla var. gracilistyla, S. humboldtiana, S. matsudana, S. pendulina var. pendulina, S. purpurea, S. rubens, S. X sepulcralis var. chrysocoma Sorell None recorded Southern Midlands Localised infestations S. alba var. vitellina, S rubens Tasman None recorded Waratah/Wynyard Localised infestations S. alba, S. alba X matsudana, S. purpurea, S. X sepulcralis var chrysocoma x matsudana 'Tortuosa' West Coast Isolated occurrences S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. matsudana, S. rubens West Tamar Isolated occurrences S. purpurea *See note under Table 1. Application of this Weed Management Plan for prohibited willows in Zone A municipalities. In order to achieve eradication of prohibited willows in each of the municipalities in Tables 1 and 2, the measures specified under the following clauses of this Weed Management Plan, whenever they apply, should be undertaken and enforced to a high degree, as a minimum effort. The clauses are: 4 (Importation of declared weed); 5 (Notification of declared weed); 6 (Sale, purchase, propagation, use, &c., of declared weed); 7 (Measures to reduce, eradicate or restrict declared weed) and; 8 (Storage of declared weed) Further measures, provided they are consistent with this Weed Management Plan, may also be promoted and enforced where appropriate. Zone B Municipalities Table 3 lists the distribution and management measures for crack willow in Tasmanian municipalities currently classified as Zone B. Distribution categories as for Table 1. Note that for all other prohibited willow species, there are no municipalities currently classified as Zone B. Table 3. Distribution and management measures for crack willow in municipalities classified as Zone B for crack willow at 01/2011. Distribution based on Tasmanian Herbarium and DPIPWE records. Municipality Crack willow distribution Management measures* Break O’Day Widespread infestations Containment within municipal boundaries, protection of specified areas within municipal boundaries, prevention of spread to Zone A municipalities. This applies to all Zone B municipalities. Brighton Widespread infestations Burnie Widespread infestations Central Coast Widespread infestations Central Highlands Widespread infestations Circular Head Widespread infestations Clarence Widespread infestations Derwent Valley Widespread infestations Devonport Widespread infestations Dorset Widespread infestations George Town Widespread Infestations Glenorchy Widespread infestations Hobart Widespread infestations Huon Valley Widespread infestations Kentish Widespread infestations Kingborough Widespread infestations Latrobe Widespread infestations Launceston Widespread infestations Meander Valley Widespread infestations Northern Midlands Widespread infestations Sorell Widespread infestations Southern Midlands Widespread infestations Waratah/Wynyard Widespread infestations West Tamar Widespread infestations *See note under Table 1. Application of this Weed Management Plan for willows in Zone B municipalities. For the purposes of applying this Weed Management Plan for willows in Zone B municipalities, two requirements must be satisfied. These are: The spread of crack willow from the municipality must be prevented. The spread of crack willow to the Zone B landholdings listed in Table 4 must be prevented. Table 4. Zone B landholdings requiring protection from crack willow. a) Any Zone B property sharing a border with a Zone A municipality. b) Any crack willows free property within Zone B. c) Any individual or group of properties within Zone B for which the owners have developed and are implementing a local integrated Weed Management Plan for crack willows. d) Any property within Zone B where crack willows is impacting negatively upon any community or flora or fauna species listed under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and/or the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995. The measures described in clauses 4 (Importation of declared weed) and 6 (Sale, purchase, propagation, use, &c., of declared weed) of this Weed Management Plan are to be undertaken and enforced throughout Zone B municipalities to a high degree. Failure to do so increases the threat of crack willow to Zone B landholdings listed in Table 3 and to Zone A municipalities. It also increases the likelihood of crack willow problems in Zone B municipalities becoming worse. The measures specified under clauses 5 (Notification of declared weed), 7 (Measures to reduce, eradicate or restrict declared weed) and 8 (Storage of declared weed) of this Weed Management Plan are to be undertaken and enforced to prevent the spread of the plant to the four specific types of landholding listed in Table 3. Equally, enforcement of these measures will also apply to activities in Zone B municipalities that increase the risk of crack willow spread to Zone A municipalities. The examples that follow indicate how these measures apply. Examples of implementation of this Weed Management Plan for crack willow in Zone B municipalities. Procedures for notification of the occurrence of the weed (clause 5). Example: New crack willow occurrences in Zone B municipalities are to be reported when they increase the likelihood of spread of the plant to any of the areas listed in Table 3. For example, a group of Zone B landholders attempting to implement an integrated crack willow control plan for the section of river that runs through their properties may report new occurrences of crack willow upstream of their area, in order that these be targeted for control. Established, well-known crack willow infestations are not to be reported. Measures to reduce the number of crack willow plants, eradicate crack willow from an area or restrict crack willow to a particular area (clause 7). Example: Owners of Zone B properties sharing a boundary with landholdings listed in Table 3 are required to undertake property boundary control and control along waterways and drainage lines, as described in clause 7. Zone B properties bordering Zone A municipalities are also required to undertake boundary control of crack willow along the shared boundary or along waterways which extend into any Zone A municipality. Owners of Zone B properties with crack willow infestations are not required to undertake boundary control if their neighbours also have crack willow infestations and do not fall into the landholding categories described in Table 3. Example: Agricultural contractors, utility maintenance crews, roading and earthmoving contractors, delivery people and any other persons visiting Zone B properties infested with crack willow are required to undertake the basic hygiene measures described in clause 7. Failure to do so increases the likelihood of crack willow spread to Zone A municipalities and to Zone B landholdings listed in Table 3. It also increases the chance of existing crack willow problems becoming worse. Example: Transport and disposal of crack willow or any thing contaminated with crack willow should occur in Zone B municipalities in accordance with suggested measures described in clause 7. Failure to do so increases the likelihood of crack willows spread to Zone A municipalities and to Zone B landholdings listed in Table 3. It also increases the chance of existing crack willow problems becoming worse. Storage in a specified area of any thing contaminated with the declared weed (clause 8). Example: Any thing contaminated with crack willow may not be required to be stored in an approved quarantine place if the contaminated thing occurs and will remain in a Zone B municipality. If the problem cannot be dealt with on site, storage in an approved quarantine place may be required when the contaminated thing is destined for or threatens any of the areas listed in Table 3 or any Zone A municipality.